What is Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)?
RLS is characterized by discomfort in the legs that occurs at night while resting and is relieved by movement of the legs. Because of the discomfort in the legs, patients may have difficulty going to sleep and staying asleep. The resulting sleep deprivation can lead to daytime tiredness, poor concentration and loss of energy. Additionally, 80% of people with RLS have excessive movements of the legs while asleep. Bed partners may complain of frequent “kicking” in the bed.
What causes RLS?
The exact cause of RLS is unknown but it has a primary form not related to other disorders and a secondary form related to an underlying condition such as kidney failure, pregnancy or iron deficiency.
How is RLS diagnosed?
RLS is diagnosed based on clinical history. Some additional blood labs to detect iron deficiency or kidney problems may be required.
What makes RLS worse?
Medications:
- Antihistamines
- Some antidepressants
- Caffeine
- Nicotine
Lack of sleep or poor quality sleep due to:
- Sleep apnea
- Inadequate sleep time
- Insomnia
How is RLS treated?
Several things can be done to improve RLS:
- Treat causes of daytime sleepiness (sleep apnea, insomnia, etc…)
- Cut back on caffeine and nicotine
- Consider medication changes to avoid drugs that can make RLS worse
- Exercise and receive massage therapy
- Take iron replacements (if low on iron)
- Receive pharmaceutical therapy
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